ABSTRACT
Acne is a chronic inflammatory disease of the pilosebaceous units. It is the most common diagnosis in dermatology and regularly affects adolescents and young adults. Acne can be mild; moderate or severe. Treatment includes topical keratolytics; topical retinoids; antibiotics; hormonal therapy and systemic retinoids in severe cases
Subject(s)
Acne Vulgaris/diagnosis , Adolescent , Patient Care Management , Young AdultABSTRACT
Atopic eczema is a chronic; relapsing inflammatory disease of the skin characterised by dryness and itching; with typical distribution on the elbows and knees in younger children and on the cubital and popliteal fossae in older children and adults. It can be classified as mild; moderate or severe
Subject(s)
Adult , Adult Children , Child , Dermatitis , Eczema , Skin DiseasesABSTRACT
Impetigo is a contagious; superficial bacterial infection of the skin; most frequently encountered in children. Causative organisms are almost always Staphylococcus aureus or streptococci; or a combination of the two. Predisposing factors are nasal and perineal colonisation; overcrowding; poor personal hygiene; minor skin trauma and preexisting skin diseases with disrupted skin barrier function; like eczema. Infection is mainly acquired through contact with sufferers or nasal carriers. Treatment should be given to avoid spread of the disease; and to minimise the risk of infecting others. Although the majority of cases of impetigo are self-limiting; under certain circumstances complications like toxic shock syndrome; staphylococcal osteomyelitis; septic arthritis and pneumonia can occur. Furthermore; certain strains of group A ?-haemolytic streptococci causing impetigo may result in poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis; just like streptococcal throat infections can result in rheumatic fever in children; but the pathogenesis remains poorly understood. It appears to be due to abnormal immune response or hypersensitivity to streptococcal antigens
Subject(s)
Child , Eczema , Impetigo , Skin Diseases , Staphylococcus aureusABSTRACT
Impetigo is a contagious; superficial bacterial infection of the skin; most frequently encountered in children. Causative organisms are almost always Staphylococcus aureus or streptococci; or a combination of the two. Predisposing factors are nasal and perineal colonisation; overcrowding; poor personal hygiene; minor skin trauma and preexisting skin diseases with disrupted skin barrier function; like eczema. Infection is mainly acquired through contact with sufferers or nasal carriers. Treatment should be given to avoid spread of the disease; and to minimise the risk of infecting others. Although the majority of cases of impetigo are self-limiting; under certain circumstances complications like toxic shock syndrome; staphylococcal osteomyelitis; septic arthritis and pneumonia can occur. Furthermore; certain strains of group A ?-haemolytic streptococci causing impetigo may result in poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis; just like streptococcal throat infections can result in rheumatic fever in children; but the pathogenesis remains poorly understood. It appears to be due to abnormal immune response or hypersensitivity to streptococcal antigens
Subject(s)
Child , Glomerulonephritis , Impetigo , Nasal Septal Perforation , Perineum , Skin Diseases , Staphylococcal Skin InfectionsABSTRACT
Atopic eczema is a chronic; relapsing inflammatory disease of the skin. It is characterised by dry; itchy skin and a typical distribution on the elbows and knees in younger children; and the cubital and popliteal fossae in older children and adults. Treatment modalities include emollients; topical corticosteroids; calcineurin inhibitors; phototherapy and immunosuppressive therapy. This article provides a brief overview of topical treatments for atopic eczema